Guru Angad Dev Joti Jot Gurpurab 2024
Guru Angad Dev Joti Jot Diwas 2024, April 12th marks the 472nd anniversary of the day when Guru Angad Dev Ji left his physical body.
As Guru Nanak passed his spiritual throne to Guru Angad before ascending the physical world, following the tradition Guru Angad passed Guruship to Guru Amar Das. He breathed his last on 1609 Bikrami Chet Sudi 4th (29th March 1552) at Khadur Sahib. He presented all the manuscripts and other holy scripts he had received from Guru Nanak to the nominated Guru Amar Das Ji.
Gurpurab | Guru Angad Dev Ji Joti Jot Diwas |
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Date | 12th April 2024 Friday |
Born in Matte-di-Sarai in the Ferozepur district in a very poor family, he was 45 when he came to the Throne of Nanak. He continued the work of Guru Nanak for thirteen years after him.
Guru Angad's greatest message to humanity is, "You should endure what is unendurable, suffer what is insufferable. You should have endurance like the earth, steadfastness in joy and sorrow like a mountain, and have a pardon in the heart like the river."
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Bhai Lehna - Bhai Veer Singh Ji
'Bhai Lehna' is a Beautiful Poem by renowned Saint Poet Bhai Vir Singh Ji dedicated to the Guru Angad Dev Ji.
ਜਿਸ ਪ੍ਰੀਤਮ ਨੇ ਤੁਸਾਨੂੰ ਮੋਹਿਆ
ਉਸ ਦਾ ਨਾਂ ਤਾਂ ਲਹਿਣਾ ਸੀ ।
ਦੇਣਾ ਸੀ ਨ ਕਿਸੇ ਦਾ ਉਸ ਨੇ
ਲੈਣਾ ਹੀ ਉਸ ਲੈਣਾ ਸੀ ।
ਉਸ ਦੇ ਪ੍ਰੀਤਮ ਕਿਹਾ ਉਸ ਨੂੰ
ਆ ਭਾਈ ! ਤੂੰ ਤਾਂ ਲਹਿਣਾ ਹੈ ।
ਤੂੰ ਲੈਣਾ ਤੇ ਅਸਾਂ ਦੇਵਣਾ
ਸਾਥੋਂ ਤਾਂ ਤੂੰ ਲੈਣਾ ਹੈ ।
Story of Passing Gurgaddi to Guru Angad
The dedication and loyalty of Baba Laihna toward his master Guru Nanak were unwavering. Every morning, the Guru would wake up three hours before dawn to bathe in the Ravi, and Baba Laihna always accompanied him, sitting patiently by the Guru's clothes while he bathed. One winter morning, three other Sikhs decided to follow Baba Laihna's example to please the Guru, but the freezing cold and hail forced them to retreat back home. Baba Laihna, on the other hand, stood steadfast, unwilling to leave his master alone.
Guru Nanak was impressed by Baba Laihna's unwavering commitment and put him through various tests, which he passed with flying colors. Eventually, Guru Nanak declared that Baba Laihna was as dear to him as his own self and renamed him, Angad, meaning a part of his own body.
As the time approached for Guru Nanak to leave the world, he seated Sri Angad on his throne and bestowed the mark of Guruship on his forehead. He then placed five paise and coconut before Sri Angad and bowed before him, declaring him as the second Guru Nanak. Such was the transformation of Baba Laihna into Guru Angad Dev, a testament to his work, service, and unwavering obedience.
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Guru Angad Dev Ji was also a leader who believed in a meritocracy. Like his predecessor, Guru Nanak Sahib, he made his sons and Sikhs go through a rigorous test when appointing the heir to the throne. This showed his commitment to ensuring that only the most qualified and capable individual would succeed him. Guru Angad Dev Ji's blessed soul departed from this mortal world at his abode in Khadur Sahib, leaving behind a remarkable legacy that continues to inspire and guide millions of Sikhs around the world.
Jyoti Jyoti Sri Guru Angad Dev ji
ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਅੰਗਦ ਦੇਵ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ 3 ਵੈਸਾਖ ਸੰਮਤ 1609 ਬਿਕ੍ਰਮੀ, ਚੇਤ ਸੁਦੀ ਚੌਥ (29 ਮਾਰਚ 1552 ਈ. ਜੁਲੀਅਨ, 8 ਅਪ੍ਰੈਲ 1552 ਨਵਾਂ ਈਸਵੀ ਸੰਨ, ਦਿਨ ਮੰਗਲਵਾਰ, ਕੁਲ ਆਯੂ 47 ਸਾਲ 11 ਮਹੀਨੇ, 14 ਦਿਨ) ਨੂੰ ਗੁਰੂ ਅਮਰਦਾਸ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ ਨੂੰ ਗੁਰਤਾ-ਗੱਦੀ 'ਤੇ ਬਿਰਾਜਮਾਨ ਕਰ ਕੇ ਆਪ ਜੋਤੀ ਜੋਤਿ ਸਮਾ ਗਏ ਸਨ। ਭਾਈ ਕਾਨ੍ਹ ਸਿੰਘ ਨਾਭਾ ਕ੍ਰਿਤ ਮਹਾਨ ਕੋਸ਼ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ-3 ਵੈਸਾਖ, ਚੇਤ ਸੁਦੀ 4 ਸੰਮਤ 1609, 29 ਮਾਰਚ ਸੰਨ 1552 ਈ. ਨੂੰ ਖਡੂਰ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਦੀ ਧਰਤੀ ਉਪਰ 12 ਸਾਲ, 9 ਮਹੀਨੇ, ਸਤਾਰਾਂ ਦਿਨ ਗੁਰਤਾ-ਗੱਦੀ ਉੱਤੇ ਬਿਰਾਜਮਾਨ ਹੋ ਕਰਕੇ ਕੁਲ ਆਯੂ 47 ਵਰ੍ਹੇ, 11 ਮਹੀਨੇ, 29 ਦਿਨ ਭੋਗ ਕੇ ਜੋਤੀ ਜੋਤਿ ਸਮਾ ਗਏ ਸਨ।
When Sri Guru Angad Dev ji Maharaj sat on the Gurta-Gaddi and went to Khadur Sahib. As the decree states:
ਦਿਤਾ ਛੋੜਿ ਕਰਤਾਰ ਪੁਰੁ ਬੈਠਿ ਖਡੂਰੇ ਜੋਤਿ ਜਗਾਈ।
ਜੰਮੇ ਪੂਰਬਿ ਬੀਜਿਆ ਵਿਚਿ ਵਿਚਿ ਹੋਰੁ ਕੂੜੀ ਚਤੁਰਾਈ
(ਭਾਈ ਗੁਰਦਾਸ ਜੀ, ਵਾਰ 1, ਪਉੜੀ 46)
According to the statement of Bhai Gurdas Ji, Guru Nanak Dev Ji left Kartarpur in the form of Guru Angad. The light of that divine radiance shines in Khadur Nagar. After receiving blessings from Guru Nanak Sahib and obeying his command, he closed the door of Mai Bhirai's barn and placed a 'one-rasa Birti' before settling into Samadhi.
Bhai Bala was commanded to go to those whom I have incarnated in my form in Khadur when Guru Nanak Sahib Ji merged with the Eternal Light. The all-knowing Guru Ji foresaw the future benefits of the events of a lifetime, through which the Gursikh tradition would continue to benefit generations, and instructed Bhai Bala to express this history. Thus, he was ordered to proceed to Khadur.
There was much anguish and resentment among the devotees over Guru Nanak Dev Ji's merging with the Eternal Light. The Sangat requested Baba Buddha Sahib to convey Guruji's assurance that "wherever I exist in my form, I will not abandon you," thereby only you can find the true Guru.
Baba Budha Sahib arrived in Khadur accompanied by some prominent disciples. Upon encountering Guru Angad Dev Ji in Samadhi, he paid his respects. After beseeching him to manifest, a grand throne was arranged in the congregation outside, where Guru Angad Dev Ji bestowed his darshan upon the congregation. Upon learning of this, the devotees began to flock in, like clouds in the monsoon season. Bhai Balaji was among these congregants. As the Sikh Sangat arrived to pay their respects, they sat wherever space allowed. When it was Bhai Bala's turn, he bowed before Guruji, and as he expressed his love, Guru Angadji inquired, "Bhai! The fragrance of Guru Nanak's teachings emanates from your humble and affectionate words. Who is your Guru?" Bhai Bala folded his hands and replied, "Maharaj! Your Guru and my Guru are one and the same."
Sri Guru Angad Sahib ji prepared to go to Sachkhand by enshrining Guru Amardas ji on the Gurta-Gaddi and imposing the appearance of Guru in the form of third light of Guru Nanak in the Sangat. As Bhai Santokh Singh ji is writing:
ਤਨ ਕੋ ਤ੍ਯਾਗਨ ਚਿਤਵਤਿ ਚਾਹਤਿ। ਗਮਨੈ ਅਬਿ ਬੈਕੁੰਠ ਉਮਾਹਤਿ।
ਸਭਿ ਸੰਗਤਿ ਮਹਿ ਕਹਿ ਬਿਦਤਾਈ। ‘ਤਹਿ ਸਰੀਰ ਅਬਹਿ ਚਿਤ ਆਈ ॥੩੧॥
(ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰਪ੍ਰਤਾਪ ਸੂਰਜ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ, ਰਾਸਿ 1, ਅੰਸੂ 26)
After hearing this, the Sikhs began to wonder in their hearts that Satguru would leave his body and merge into God. Beloved Sikhs of Guru began to shed tears. When Guru Amar Das Ji came to know about this, he was at Goindwal Sahib. It was quite imaginative to hear.
ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਅੰਗਦ ਲਖਿ ਅੰਤਰਜਾਮੀ। ਪਯੋ ਹਕਾਰਨ ਸਿਖ ਤਬਿ ਸ੍ਵਾਮੀ।
ਸਾਦਰ ਜਾਇ ਅਵਾਹਨ ਕੀਨੇ। ਸੁਨਤਿ ਚਯੋ ਜਲ ਸੋਂ ਦ੍ਰਿਗ ਭੀਨੇ ॥੩੬॥
ਤਾਤਕਾਲ ਗੁਰ ਦਰਸ਼ਨ ਕਰਯੋ। ਤੂਰਨ ਕਰਤਿ ਚਰਨ ਪਰ ਪਯੋ।
ਦ੍ਰਵੀ ਬਿਲੋਚਨ ਤੇ ਜਲ ਧਾਰਾ। ਮਨਹੁ ਪ੍ਰੇਮ ਕੋ ਛੁਟਯੋ ਫੁਹਾਰਾ ॥੩੭॥
ਬ੍ਯਾਕੁਲ ਪਰਮ ਜਾਨਿ ਕਰਿ ਦਾਸਾ। ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਅੰਗਦ ਮੁਖ ਬਾਕ ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸ਼ਾ।
ਸੁਨਿ ਪੁਰਖਾ ਪੂਰਨ ਤੁਮ ਗ੍ਯਾਨਿ। ਪਰਮ ਧਾਮ ਮੈਂ ਕਰੀਂ ਧ੍ਯਾਨ॥੩੮॥
ਹਰਖ ਸ਼ੋਕ ਮਨ ਮਹਿ ਨਹਿਂ ਕੋਊ। ਤੂੰ ਪਰਤ ਰੂਪ ਮਮ ਹੋਊ।
ਦੇਹ ਅਛਤ ਗ੍ਯਾਨੀ ਜਗ ਐਸੇ। ਭਯੋ ਕੁੰਭ ਸਾਗਰ ਰਹਿ ਜੈਸੇ॥੩੯॥
(ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰਪ੍ਰਤਾਪ ਸੂਰਜ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ, ਰਾਸਿ 1, ਅੰਸੂ 26)
So Guru Amar Das ji stabilized his mind by recieving the above instructions. After spending some time in this way, just as Guru Nanak Dev ji showed the glory of God's Gurmantra at the end, so did Guru Angad:
ਤਾਰਕ ਮੰਤ੍ਰ ਸਭਿਨਿ ਪਰ ਛਾਯਾ। ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ ਮੁਖ ਜਾਪ ਜਪਾਯਾ ॥...॥੧੧॥
(ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰਪ੍ਰਤਾਪ ਸੂਰਜ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ, ਰਾਸਿ 1, ਅੰਸੂ 27)
So, when preparations were made for departure, Guru Amar Das was bestowed the Tilak of Gurta-Gaddi and Guru Angad instructed all the Sangat that whoever wished to visit him should go to Guru Amar Das.
He said to Datu and Dasu, "Son, pay your respects." They refused. The Guru's son was consumed by jealousy. As all preparations were completed, the Sikh Sangat pondered deeply whether Guru Nanak Sahib had transcended his body at the appointed time. The body had merged with the True Realm. Would this Guru also depart in the same manner? If not, does that imply a lack of power compared to them? Another Sikh nearby mentioned that Bhagat Kabir Sahib also disappeared similarly. Do we truly understand the Guru's intentions? Some Sikhs were in doubt, while others were firm in their faith. Contemplating this, Satguru ji concealed himself along with the body. When they ceased speaking, there was a clamour in the congregation that Satguru had departed to the True Realm. As said in Suraj Parkash:
ਚਹੁੰ ਦਿਸ਼ ਬੋਲਿ ਉਠੇ ਸਿਖ ਸਾਰੇ।
‘ਤਨ ਜੁਤਿ ਗੁਰ ਬੈਕੁੰਠ ਪਧਾਰੇ'।
ਪਰ੍ਯਾ ਕੌਰ ਸੰਗਤਿ ਕੇ ਮਾਂਹੀ।
ਸਤਿਗੁਰ ਦਰਸ਼ਨ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤਿ ਨਾਂਹੀ॥੩੮॥
(ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰਪ੍ਰਤਾਪ ਸੂਰਜ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ, ਰਾਸਿ 1, ਅੰਸੂ 27)
Guru Amar Das Ji was serving the Sangat in the langar. He promptly approached the throne of Satguru and prayed with folded hands. Upon intuitively understanding why and how this occurred, I realized that the Satguru did this due to doubts in the minds of the Sikhs, intending to dispel them. Sikhs should not succumb to relentless suspicion. However, O Satguru ji, does not favour the doubters; grant darshan as before.
ਦੋਹਰਾ॥
ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਸਤਿਗੁਰ ਕਿਮ ਆਪ ਅਬਿ, ਹੁਇ ਗੇ ਅੰਤਰ ਧ੍ਯਾਨ |
ਲੋਕਨਿ ਕੀ ਸ਼ੰਕਾ ਕਹਾਂ ਤੁਮਹਿ ਨ ਉਚਿਤ ਮਹਾਨ ॥੫੦॥
(ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰਪ੍ਰਤਾਪ ਸੂਰਜ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ, ਰਾਸਿ 1, ਅੰਸੂ 27)
When this request was made, Satguru ji once again appeared on the throne as before and began granting darshan. Guru Ji then explained that some of my Sikhs had doubts. If they were not addressed, their devotion would be compromised, leading them astray. This action has been taken to preserve the devotion of the Sikhs. Subsequently, Guru Amar Das Ji began discussing Brahm Gyan, likening the world to the flow of a river. Just as a river's flow is perpetual, in the world, beings are constantly arriving and departing.
ਇਕਿ ਆਵਹਿ ਇਕਿ ਜਾਹਿ ਉਠਿ ਰਖੀਅਹਿ ਨਾਵ ਸਲਾਰ ॥
(ਸਿਰੀਰਾਗੁ ਮਹਲੁ ੧, ਅੰਗ ੧੬)
Just as a wave rises from the water and merges back into it, the name separates from the water and descends into droplets. When they reunite with it, they assume the form of the ocean. Similarly, these beings are born from God and are absorbed back into God. This perpetual cycle is the eternal world's way. Therefore, after you depart from our bodies, there should be no mourning.
ਜਗਤ ਅਨਾਦਿ ਕਾਲ ਕੋ ਐਸੇ। ਚਯੋ ਆਇ ਜਿਹ ਪਾਰ ਨ ਕੈਸੇ ।
ਅਬਿ ਤੁਮ ਸਭਿ ਨੇ ਮੋਹਿ ਪਿਛਾਰੀ। ਕਰਹੁ ਨ ਸ਼ੋਕ ਮੋਹ ਕੋ ਟਾਰੀ॥੯॥
ਮੰਗਲ ਨਾਨਾ ਭਾਂਤਿ ਕਰੀਜੈ। ਸ਼ਬਦ ਕੀਰਤਨ ਪਠਹੁ ਸੁਨੀਜੈ ॥...॥੧੦॥
(ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰਪ੍ਰਤਾਪ ਸੂਰਜ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ, ਰਾਸਿ ੧, ਅੰਸੂ ੨੮)
Both sons approached and prostrated themselves at their father's feet, asking him to instruct them on performing his final rituals. Satguru ji responded by suggesting that they follow the same customs as their elders did within their clan.
ਸੁਨਿ ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਸਤਿਗੁਰ ਬਾਕ ਉਚਾਰੇ। ‘ਜਗ ਅਰ ਕੁਲ ਕੇ ਜਿਤਿਕ ਅਚਾਰੇ।
ਹਮਰੇ ਹੇਤ ਨਹੀਂ ਕੁਛ ਕਰਨਾ। ਕੀਰਤਿ ਪਠਿ ਸੁਨਿ ਨਾਮ ਸਿਮਰਨਾ॥੧੨॥
(ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰਪ੍ਰਤਾਪ ਸੂਰਜ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ, ਰਾਸਿ ੧, ਅੰਸੂ ੨੮)
The body is to be cremated with respect, without mourning. Finally, he again indicated towards Guru Amar Das Ji and said.
ਸਭਿਹਿਨਿ ਕੋ ਉਪਦੇਸ਼ ਦ੍ਰਿੜਾਯੋ। ‘ਇਹ ਮੈਂ ਅਪਨੇ ਥਾਨ ਬਿਠਾਯੋ।
ਮੋ ਮਹਿ ਇਸ ਮਹਿ ਭੇਦ ਨ ਜਾਨੋ। ਜੋ ਜਾਨੈ ਲਹਿ ਖੇਦ ਮਹਾਨੋ॥੧੪॥
(ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰਪ੍ਰਤਾਪ ਸੂਰਜ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ, ਰਾਸਿ ੧, ਅੰਸੂ ੨੮)
He also mentioned that we have provided them with everything. Those who serve them will find happiness. Those who seek refuge in them will transcend worldly concerns. Those who harbour jealousy and commit treachery will harm themselves. Saying this, he called the weaver whose house Guru Amar Das had fallen into the Kumbhal after colliding with the 'Khaddi' - Weaving Device. The weaver came forward. Guru Ji told him that he should charge double the price for his plot, as my servant's foot had touched the 'Peg of Kareer' -- ਕਰੀਰ ਦਾ ਕਿੱਲਾ. That 'killa' will now turn into a tree. My cremation must be conducted nearby that tree. Beautiful temples will be constructed here. The weaver departed with the money because the Guru had warned that failure to grant this plot would lead to great loss. After explaining the cremation process to Guru Amar Das Ji, when all preparations were complete, he lay down with a white cloth over him and left this world. Guruji's death anniversary is on the 28th of March 1552 (Julian calendar), which corresponds to the 8th of April 1552 (New calendar) AD.
ਪੁਨਿ ਸਭ ਕੇ ਦੇਖਤਿ ਤਤਕਾਲ। ਪੌਢ ਗਏ ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਕ੍ਰਿਪਾਲ
ਊਪਰ ਬਿਸਦ ਬਸਤ੍ਰ ਕੋ ਲੀਨਾ। ਪਰਮ ਧਾਮ ਪ੍ਰਸਥਾਨੋ ਕੀਨਾ॥੨੫॥
(ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰਪ੍ਰਤਾਪ ਸੂਰਜ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ, ਰਾਸਿ ੧, ਅੰਸੂ ੨੮)
Please note* In the Gur Parkash Suraj Granth, we encounter symbolic narratives that defy literal interpretation. These stories, rich in metaphor and allegory, offer profound insights into Sikh spirituality. Tales such as Guru Nanak Dev Ji's departure and the disappearance of Guru Angad symbolize deeper truths about life's transient nature. Readers are encouraged to approach these stories with contemplation, recognizing the layers of meaning they contain. Through reflection, one can uncover the profound wisdom woven into the unusual narratives of the Gur Parkash Suraj Granth. Yet we insist to take guidance in the light of Guru Granth Sahib only.
Concept of Joti Jot in Guru Granth Sahib is given as:
ਜੋਤਿ ਸਮਾਣੀ ਜੋਤਿ ਮਾਹਿ ਆਪੁ ਆਪੈ ਸੇਤੀ ਮਿਕਿਓਨੁ॥
(ਰਾਮਕਲੀ ਕੀ ਵਾਰ, ਅੰਗ 967)
The flame was absorbed into the flame. God has reconciled with Himself. He has merged Himself in His own form. Just as water is mixed with water, the flame is absorbed into the flame. Like the sun shining in a pot of water. Although the light is one, it appears different due to the presence of water and the pot. When the pot breaks and the water is scattered on the ground, instead of appearing in two places, the light is seen in one place in the sky. Similarly, although the body, pot, and water may seem different, they are not; they are all reflections of God. When the physical form, the pot of the Supreme Being, breaks, the internal consciousness takes the form of subtle elements. The image form merges into the image form of the flame.
May the Guru and the Guru's association forgive the mistakes made in ignorance.
ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ ਜੀ ਕਾ ਖ਼ਾਲਸਾ॥ ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ ਜੀ ਕੀ ਫ਼ਤਹਿ ॥